
A no-bake layered Canadian treat: chocolate-coconut base, custard buttercream middle and chocolate ganache top.
Nanaimo bars are perhaps the most distinctively Canadian dessert, named after Nanaimo, a city on Vancouver Island in British Columbia. The first printed recipe appeared in the Nanaimo Hospital Auxiliary Cookbook in 1952. These no-bake bars consist of three distinct layers: a dense base of Graham crackers, shredded coconut, cocoa powder and butter; a pale yellow custard buttercream centre made with custard powder; and a thin, glossy chocolate ganache topping. They are served chilled, sliced into small squares or rectangles. The city of Nanaimo held a contest in 1986 to find the definitive recipe.
Serves 16
Line a 20×20cm square tin with baking paper.
Melt butter, sugar and cocoa in a saucepan over low heat. Remove from heat, stir in beaten egg quickly. Add crushed crackers and coconut. Press firmly into tin. Refrigerate 30 minutes.
Beat softened butter, cream and custard powder until smooth. Gradually beat in icing sugar until pale and fluffy. Spread evenly over base. Refrigerate 30 minutes.
Melt chocolate and butter together over a bowl of simmering water or in short microwave bursts. Cool slightly, then pour over middle layer and tilt to spread evenly. Refrigerate 1 hour until set.
Score top layer with a hot knife before cutting fully — this prevents the chocolate cracking. Cut into 16 bars.
Use a hot dry knife — dip in hot water and dry between cuts.
Score the chocolate topping before full setting to avoid cracking
Use a hot dry knife — dip in hot water and dry between cuts
Custard powder can be replaced with vanilla instant pudding powder
Weigh dry ingredients on a scale instead of using cups — grams are the difference between a tender and a tough crumb.
Add ½ tsp peppermint extract to the custard buttercream layer for Peppermint Nanaimo Bars.
Swirl 2 tbsp peanut butter into the middle layer for a Peanut Butter variation.
Vegetarian: swap the protein for roasted king oyster mushrooms, smoked tofu or cooked chickpeas — adjust seasoning slightly upward to compensate.
Spicier: add a finely chopped fresh chile or a teaspoon of crushed Aleppo/Urfa pepper to the aromatics for warm, layered heat instead of a single sharp hit.
Refrigerate in an airtight container up to 1 week. Freeze up to 3 months.
Named after Nanaimo, BC. The city holds an official recipe and hosts events celebrating this beloved three-layered treat.
A British and Commonwealth pantry staple (Bird's brand is most common) made from cornflour, flavourings and colour. Vanilla instant pudding is a North American substitute.
Yes — most of the components can be prepared up to a day in advance and refrigerated separately. Reheat gently and assemble just before serving so textures stay distinct.
Stay close to the role each ingredient plays: swap aromatics for similar ones (shallot for onion, lime for lemon), and keep the fat-acid-salt balance intact. Spice blends can usually be approximated with what's in the cupboard.
Authenticity sits on a spectrum — what matters more is honoring the technique and balance of flavors. If the dish tastes harmonious and respects how cooks in its home region would build it, you're on solid ground.
Per serving · 16 servings total
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