Fattoush
Crispy toasted flatbread shards tossed with fresh vegetables, sumac-lemon dressing and fragrant herbs — Lebanon's beloved bread salad at its vibrant best.
About This Recipe
Fattoush is the jewel of the Lebanese table — a bread salad that transforms day-old flatbread into something magnificent. Unlike its Tuscan cousin panzanella, fattoush uses toasted or fried pita that retains its crunch even when dressed, and its flavour is defined by the sharp, citrusy tang of ground sumac. A good fattoush is a study in contrasts: crisp bread against juicy tomatoes, cool cucumber against peppery radish, fresh mint against the sour brightness of pomegranate molasses. It is served as mezze, as a side to grilled meats, or as a light lunch in its own right. The key to its success is freshness — all vegetables should be at room temperature, the bread freshly crisped, and the dressing added just before serving.
Ingredients
Serves 4
- 2 largepita breads(day-old is ideal)
- 4 tablespoonsolive oil(divided)
- 3 mediumripe tomatoes(cut into wedges)
- 1 largecucumber(halved and sliced)
- 5radishes(thinly sliced)
- 4spring onions(sliced)
- 1 smallred onion(thinly sliced)
- 1 smallromaine lettuce heart(roughly torn)
- 1 large handfulfresh flat-leaf parsley
- 1 large handfulfresh mint leaves
- 3 tablespoonssumac
- 3 tablespoonslemon juice(freshly squeezed)
- 1 tablespoonpomegranate molasses
- 1 clovegarlic(minced)
- 1 teaspoonfine salt
- 0.5 teaspoonblack pepper
Instructions
- 1
Toast the pita
Tear or cut the pita breads into rough 3–4cm pieces. Heat 2 tablespoons of olive oil in a large frying pan over medium-high heat. Add the pita pieces and toast, stirring frequently, for 5–7 minutes until golden and crisp on all sides. Alternatively, brush with olive oil and bake at 200°C (390°F) for 8–10 minutes. Season lightly with salt and set aside.
For extra flavour, toast the pita with a pinch of sumac and garlic powder.
- 2
Make the dressing
Whisk together the remaining 2 tablespoons of olive oil, lemon juice, pomegranate molasses, minced garlic, sumac, salt and pepper in a small bowl until emulsified. Taste and adjust acidity and seasoning.
- 3
Prepare the vegetables
Place the tomato wedges, cucumber, radishes, spring onions and red onion in a large bowl. Add the torn lettuce, parsley and mint leaves and toss gently to combine.
- 4
Dress the salad
Pour two-thirds of the dressing over the vegetables and toss to coat. Taste and add more dressing if needed.
- 5
Add the bread and serve
Add the toasted pita pieces to the salad and toss once or twice — just enough to coat the bread without losing all its crunch. Transfer to a serving platter, drizzle any remaining dressing over the top and serve immediately.
Pro Tips
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Add the pita just before serving to keep it as crisp as possible.
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Use ripe, in-season tomatoes — the flavour of fattoush depends heavily on tomato quality.
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Pomegranate molasses is the secret ingredient — it adds depth and sweet-sour complexity unavailable from lemon alone.
Variations
- •
Add crumbled feta cheese or halloumi cubes for a non-vegan version.
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Include pomegranate seeds for colour and bursts of sweetness.
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Add purslane (baqleh) if available — it is traditionally used in Lebanese fattoush.
Storage
Dressed fattoush is best eaten immediately. If making ahead, store the toasted pita separately and the dressed vegetables separately in the fridge for up to 24 hours, combining just before serving.
History & Origin
Fattoush (فتوش) originates in the Levantine tradition of using leftover or day-old flatbread rather than wasting it. The name derives from the Arabic 'fatt', meaning to crumble bread. It has been a staple of Lebanese village cooking for centuries, varying by season and region. Sumac — ground from dried berries of the Rhus coriaria shrub — has been used as a souring agent in Middle Eastern cooking since ancient times and is the defining flavour of authentic fattoush.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is sumac and can I substitute it?
Sumac is a ground dried berry with a sharp, citrusy-tart flavour. It is available in Middle Eastern shops and most major supermarkets. If unavailable, increase the lemon juice slightly and add a pinch of lemon zest — the flavour will be different but the dish will still be good.
Can I use flour tortillas instead of pita?
Pita is traditional and ideal because it holds its crunch well. Flour tortillas can work in a pinch — cut into triangles and bake or fry until crisp. Sourdough croutons are another reasonable substitute.
Is fattoush gluten-free?
Traditional fattoush uses pita bread and is not gluten-free. For a GF version, use corn tortillas or gluten-free flatbread crisped in the oven, or simply omit the bread and add extra nuts or seeds for crunch.
Nutrition Facts
Per serving (280g / 9.9 oz) · 4 servings total
Time Summary
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