Penang Assam Laksa
Tangy, pungent tamarind-soured fish broth with thick rice noodles, pineapple, herbs and shrimp paste — Penang's most iconic dish and one of the world's great noodle soups.
About This Recipe
Penang assam laksa is one of Asia's most extraordinary noodle soups: a deeply sour, richly fragrant broth made from tamarind and mackerel, with the unique, pungent funk of hae ko (thick prawn paste) stirred in just before eating. Thick rice noodles are loaded with fresh mint, Vietnamese coriander (daun kesom), shredded cucumber, onion, pineapple and bird's-eye chillies, then drenched in the hot sour fish broth. The combination of sourness, fishiness, sweetness from the pineapple and the sharp heat of the chillies creates a flavour that is almost overwhelming — and utterly addictive. Penang assam laksa ranked number 7 on CNN Travel's list of the world's 50 most delicious foods, and once you taste it, the ranking seems conservative.
Ingredients
Serves 4
- 600 gfresh mackerel or sardines
- 1.5 litreswater
- 4 tablespoonstamarind paste
- 2 stalkslemongrass(bruised)
- 4 slicesgalangal
- 3dried red chillies
- 2 teaspoonsshrimp paste (belacan)
- 1 tablespoonsugar
- 1 teaspoonsalt
- 400 gthick round rice noodles
- 100 gfresh pineapple(shredded or diced)
- 1 smallcucumber(julienned)
- 1 smallred onion(thinly sliced)
- 1 bunchfresh mint
- 2 tablespoonshae ko (thick prawn paste)(to serve)
Instructions
- 1
Cook the fish
Simmer mackerel in water with lemongrass and galangal for 20 minutes. Remove fish, flake meat discarding bones and skin. Reserve broth.
- 2
Build the broth
Blend dried chillies and belacan to a paste. Fry in a little oil for 2 minutes. Add back to the reserved fish broth with tamarind paste, sugar and salt. Simmer for 15 minutes. Add flaked fish back to the broth.
- 3
Cook noodles
Cook thick rice noodles according to package directions until tender. Drain and divide among bowls.
- 4
Assemble and serve
Ladle hot fish broth over the noodles. Top with pineapple, cucumber, onion and mint. Place a small spoonful of hae ko on top — guests stir it in themselves. Serve with extra chillies.
Pro Tips
- →
Hae ko (thick prawn paste) is the defining finishing touch — find it in Malaysian or Asian grocery stores.
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The broth should be noticeably sour and savoury — adjust tamarind and salt to taste.
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Daun kesom (Vietnamese coriander) is the authentic herb — substitute with a mix of mint and regular coriander.
Variations
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Curry laksa (lemak) is a completely different coconut-based version — also Penang's other great laksa.
Storage
Broth keeps refrigerated for 3 days. Store noodles and toppings separately. Assemble fresh.
History & Origin
Assam laksa is a uniquely Penang creation, developed by the island's Nyonya (Peranakan Chinese) community who blended Malay and Chinese culinary traditions. The word 'assam' means tamarind in Malay. The dish represents the multicultural character of Penang — a former British colonial port where Chinese, Malay, Indian and European food cultures mingled for centuries. Penang is now considered one of Asia's premier food destinations, with assam laksa at the centre of its culinary identity.
Frequently Asked Questions
Where can I find hae ko?
Hae ko (thick prawn paste) is sold in Malaysian and some Chinese grocery stores. It is thick and black, different from regular shrimp paste. Without it the dish loses an important flavour dimension — worth seeking out.
Nutrition Facts
Per serving (500g) · 4 servings total
Time Summary
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